From the beginning of the first civilizations and super-powers the world was modified in different ways and influenced by the decisions of great rulers and empires.
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One of the first "power" in the
world was Egypt Empire .This culture pleased on the bancs of the river Nile, from about
3300 BC to 30 BC, built some of the world’s beautiful structure, including the
pyramids. For many times this was the symbol of the civilization but as territory it didn’t expand too much. The Egyptians had it’s pick of civilization expanding trough long time improving technologies, life and culture, influenced other emerging civilizations like the Persians or the Greeks. It was the longest civilization in the ancient world. The Ancient Greece developed from the 3rd millennium to the 1st century BC. |
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There was an alliance of city-states that ruled the Aegean Sea and Islands and other corners of the Mediterranean Sea. The most importing city-states where Athena and Sparta, booth with great military powers. The Greek culture was the base of the modern Europe. In the 4th century BC emerged another power that becomes an empire, the Macedonian Empire, ruled by King Alexander, that expanded from the Greek shores to the Hyphasis River, almost occupying nearly all of the Persian Empire. Alexander tried to unify east and west world. Alexander vastly extended the influence of Greek civilization and prepared the way for the kingdoms of the Hellenistic period and the conquests of the Roman Empire.
The Roman Empire, one of the greatest empire ever. Nearly 3,000 years ago shepherds first built huts on the hills beside the Tiber River in central Italy. These encampments gradually grew and merged to form the city of Rome. The history of Rome is unique in comparison to other large urban centers like London in England, or Paris in France, because it encompasses more than the history of a single city. In ancient times Rome extended its political control over all of Italy and eventually created an empire that stretched from England to North Africa and from the Atlantic Ocean to Arabia. The political history of Rome is marked by three periods. In the first period from 753–509 BC, the city developed from a village to a city ruled by kings. Then, the Romans expelled the kings and established the Roman Republic during the period from 509–27 BC. Following the collapse of the republic, Rome fell under the domination of emperors and flourished for another five centuries as the Roman Empire from 27 BC-AD 476.
After the Roman Empire fell Europe entered in the Dark Ages .In this time appeared the Mongol Empire, realm ruled by the great Mongol khans in the 13th and 14th centuries; uniting almost all of western and eastern Asia, it was one of the largest land empires in history. It stretched from Chinese Sea to the Dnieper River in Europe. The first flowering of the Mongol Empire occurred in the 13th century. At a convocation of tribes in 1206, the powerful conqueror Temujin, then master of almost all of Mongolia, was proclaimed universal ruler with the title Genghis Khan, or Great Khan. The city of Karakorum was designated its capital. Genghis's army, although not particularly large for its day, was distinguished by its superb horsemanship and expert archery, the discipline and control of its aristocratic leaders, and the khan's own brilliant military strategy and tactics. The neighboring Chinese Empire and the Central Asian states, both militarly weak and fragmented, inevitably surrendered, as did the decaying Arab-Turkish society of the Middle East, to the Mongol hordes racing over Asia.
As a new power that emerged soon after is the Ottoman Empire. Ottoman Empire, dynastic state centered in what is now Turkey, founded in the late 13th century and dismantled in the early 20th century. At its height in the mid-1500s, at the end of the reign of Süleyman I, the Ottoman Empire controlled a vast area extending from the Balkan Peninsula to the Middle East and North Africa. The empire went into slow decline after Süleyman, and by the early 1900s it controlled only Asia Minor (the Anatolia region of present-day Turkey) and parts of the Balkans and the Middle East. The Ottomans lost even more territory during World War I (1914-1918). Allied troops occupied the empire from the end of the war until 1922, when nationalist forces under Mustafa Kemal (later Atatürk) drove them out; Kemal abolished the empire later that year and proclaimed the Republic of Turkey in 1923.
Before the rise of the Ottomans, the Byzantine Empire controlled western Anatolia, while most of the rest of the region was controlled by the Seljuk Turks. In the 13th century Seljuk power began to fade and a number of small Turkish states began to emerge in the frontier lands between the Byzantine Empire and the shrinking Seljuk state.
After a long period of incertitude the Spanish Colonial Empire appeared, after the discovery of the new world. Spanish Empire, overseas territories in North and South America, Asia, Africa, and Oceania that were colonized and administered by Spain. The Spanish Empire began in the 15th century as Europe began to expand overseas. Spain lost
much of its empire as a result of the Latin American independence movement in the early 19th century.
The Spanish idea was soon copied by the French, Nederland and England in an expanding route. From this three only the new British Empire emerged successfully. British Empire, the name given to United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the former dominions, colonies, and other territories throughout the world that owed allegiance to the British Crown from the late 1500s to the middle of the 20th century. At its height in the early 1900s, the British Empire included over 20 percent of the world’s land area and more than 400 million people.
After the old Empire or "super-power" new and greater powers in the new age emerged, all aiming of getting bigger and maintaining their influence all over the world, untill today.
written by : Ionut Bogdan Oanta ( free7@itcgbianchi.it )
HTML by: David Broad .
